LAGOMORPHA (hares and rabbits)
Snowshoe Hare (Lepus americanus) Forests and shrub thickets

RODENTIA (squirrels, mice, porcupines, etc.)
Alaska Marmot (Marmota broweri) Rocky, mountainous areas
Arctic Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus parryii) Dry, sandy areas
Red Squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) Spruce forests
Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) Ponds and marshes south of the mountains
Beaver (Castor canadensis) Wooded streams
Meadow Vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) Meadows and open forests south of the mountains
Tundra Vole (Microtus oeconomus) Meadows near water south of the mountains
Yellow-cheeked Vole (Microtus xanthognathus) Spruce forests near bogs
Singing Vole (Microtus miurus) Tundra and shrub thickets near water
Northern Red-backed Vole (Clethrionomys rutilus) Tundra and forests
Brown Lemming (Lemmus trimucronatus) Wet tundra north of the mountains
Northern Bog Lemming (Synaptomys borealis) Bogs, spruce forests, and meadows south of the mountains
Collared Lemming (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus) Sedge tundra
Meadow Jumping Mouse (Zapus hudsonius) Moist meadows and shrub thickets south of the mountains
Porcupine (Erethizon dorsatum) Forests, shrub thickets, and tundra

CANID (foxes and wolves)
Coyote (Canis latrans) Rare in open areas
Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) All plant communities throughout the Refuge
Arctic Fox (Alopex lagopus) Tundra north of the mountains
Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) All plant communities throughout the Refuge

FELID (cats)
Lynx (Lynx canadensis) Forests throughout the Refuge

URSID (bears)
Black Bear (Ursus americanus) Forests throughout the Refuge
Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) Open areas throughout the Refuge
Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) Along the coast and on ocean ice

MUSTELID (weasels)
Marten (Martes americana) Spruce forests
Ermine (Mustela erminea) Open forests and tundra
Least Weasel (Mustela nivalis) Open, wet areas
Mink (Mustela vison) Near wet areas south of the mountains
Wolverine (Gulo gulo) Forests and tundra
River Otter (Lontra canadensis) Rivers and lakes mainly south of the mountains

CERVID (deer)
Moose (Alces alces) Willow thickets and wet areas
Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) All plant communities throughout the Refuge

BOVID (goats and sheep)
Muskox (Ovibos moschatus) Tundra north of the mountains
Dall Sheep (Ovis dalli) Rocky slopes and tundra in the mountains

PINNIPED (seals and walrus)
Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) Rare along the coast
Spotted Seal (Phoca largha) Coastal waters and on drifting ice
Ringed Seal (Phoca hispida) Ice along the coast
Bearded Seal (Erignathus barbatus) Coastal waters and on drifting ice

CETACEA (whales)
Beluga Whale (Delphinapterus leucas) Coastal waters
Narwhal (Monodon monoceros) Rare in coastal waters
Gray Whale (Eschrichtius robustus) Rare in coastal waters
Bowhead Whale (Balaena mysticetus) Coastal waters

GAVIIDAE (loons)
Red-throated Loon (Gavia stellata) UB and CM along coast; RV in Brooks Range and on coastal plain
Pacific Loon (Gavia pacifica) CB on north and south slopes; UB in Brooks Range; CM along coast
Common Loon (Gavia immer) UB on south slope; RM or visitor along coast
Yellow-billed Loon (Gavia adamsii) PB on north slope; UM along coast; RM on coastal plain

PODICIPEDIDAE (grebes)
Horned Grebe (Podiceps auritus) CB on south slope; CV on north slope
Red-necked Grebe (Podiceps grisegena) UB on south slope; CV on north slope

PROCELLARIIDAE (shearwaters)
Short-tailed Shearwater (Puffinus tenuirostris) CV in summer and fall along coast, mostly offshore

ANATIDAE (swans, geese and ducks)
Tundra Swan (Cygnus columbianus) CB along coast
Trumpeter Swan (Cygnus buccinator) RB along coast
Greater White-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons) UM in spring; PB and CM in fall on north slope
Snow Goose (Chen caerulescens) UM in spring throughout Refuge; RB and abundant fall migrant on north slope
Ross� Goose (Chen rossii) CV in spring on north slope
Brant (Branta bernicla) UB and abundant migrant along coast
Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) UB on north and south slopes; UM on north slope
Green-winged Teal (Anas crecca) CB south slope and Brooks Range; UB coastal plain; RB and migrant on coast
Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) UB but CV on south slope and in Brooks Range; RB and UV on north slope
Northern Pintail (Anas acuta) CB on south slope; UB but CV and migrant on north slope
Northern Shoveler (Anas clypeata) UB on south slope; RV and migrant on north slope
Eurasian Wigeon (Anas penelope) CV on north slope
American Wigeon (Anas americana) CB on south slope and in Brooks Range; UM and visitor on north slope
Canvasback (Aythya valisineria) RV on south slope; casual migrant on north slope
Greater Scaup (Aythya marila) UM along coast; UV on north slope and in Brooks Range
Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis) Abundant breeder on south slope; CB in Brooks Range; RB and visitor on coastal plain
Common Eider (Somateria mollissima) UB and visitor along coast; CM along coast, especially offshore
King Eider (Somateria spectabilis) UB along coast; UM along coast, especially offshore
Spectacled Eider (Somateria fischeri) Rare to UB along coast
Steller�s Eider (Polysticta stelleri)CV along coast
Harlequin Duck (Histrionicus histrionicus) UB on south slope and in Brooks Range; RB on coastal plain; UV on north slope
Long-tailed Duck (Clangula hyemalis) CB on north slope; UM on south slope; abundant visitor and migrant along coast
Black Scoter (Melanitta nigra) UM along coast
Surf Scoter (Melanitta perspicillata) UB on south slope; UV and migrant along coast
White-winged Scoter (Melanitta fusca) CB south slope and Brooks Range; PB coastal plain; UV and migrant on coast
Common Goldeneye (Bucephala clangula) Probable breeder on south slope; RV along coast
Barrow�s Goldeneye (Bucephala islandica) Probable breeder on south slope and in Brooks Range
Bufflehead (Bucephala albeola) CB on south slope l Common Merganser (Mergus merganser) CV on north slope
Red-breasted Merganser (Mergus serrator) CB in Brooks Range; UB on coastal plain; RB and UM along coast

ACCIPITRIDAE (hawks and eagles)
Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) RB and UV on south slope; RV in Brooks Range and on coastal plain
Northern Harrier (Circus cyaneus) Common probable breeder in Brooks Range; RV on north slope
Sharp-shinned Hawk (Accipiter striatus) UV on south slope
Northern Goshawk (Accipter gentilis) UB on south slope; RV in Brooks Range and on coastal plain
Swainson�s Hawk (Buteo swainsoni) RB and visitor on south slope
Rough-legged Hawk (Buteo lagopus) CB in Brooks Range; RB on coastal plain; UV on north slope
Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) CB in Brooks Range; probable breeder on coastal plain; UV along coast

FALCONIDAE (falcons)
American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) UB on south slope; RB in Brooks Range; CV on north slope
Merlin (Falco columbarius) CB on south slope; UB in Brooks Range; PB on coastal plain
Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) CB south slope; UB coastal plain; RB coast; UV in summer/migrant throughout Refuge
Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) Uncommon resident breeder in Brooks Range; UV elsewhere on the Refuge

PHASIANIDAE (grouse and ptarmigans)
Spruce Grouse (Dendragapus canadensis) Uncommon resident and probable breeder on south slope
Willow Ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus) Uncommon resident breeder along coast; uncommon to abundant resident breeder elsewhere on the Refuge
Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus mutus)Common resident breeder throughout Refuge, except rare in winter along coast

RALLIDAE (coots)
American Coot (Fulica americana) RV on south slope

GRUIDAE (cranes)
Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) RB on north slope; probable breeder on south slope; rare spring migrant on coastal plain; UV along coast and on south slope

CHARADRIIDAE (plovers)
Black-bellied Plover (Pluvialis squatarola) RB on north slope; UM along coast; RM on coastal plain
American Golden-Plover (Pluvialis dominica) UB on north slope and in Brooks Range; abundant fall migrant along coast
Semipalmated Plover (Charadrius semipalmatus) CB south slope and Brooks Range; RB north slope; RV and migrant along coast
Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus) CV on north slope
Eurasian Dotterel (Charadrius morinellus) CV on north slope

SCOLOPACIDAE (sandpipers)
Lesser Yellowlegs (Tringa flavipes) Abundant breeder on south slope; CV along coast
Solitary Sandpiper (Tringa solitaria) Abundant breeder on south slope
Wandering Tattler (Heteroscelus incanus) CB in Brooks Range; UB on coastal plain
Spotted Sandpiper (Actititus mascularia) CB on south slope and in Brooks Range; UB on coastal plain; RV along coast
Upland Sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda) CB in Brooks Range
Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus) UB in Brooks Range; UV and migrant on north slope
Hudsonian Godwit (Limosa haemastica) CV on north slope
Bar-tailed Godwit (Limosa lapponica) RM along coast
Ruddy Turnstone (Arenaria interpres) UB on north slope; uncommon to common fall migrant along coast
Surfbird (Aphriza virgata) RB in Brooks Range
Red Knot (Calidris canutus) RM along coast
Sanderling (Calidris alba) Casual breeder on coastal plain; rare spring and uncommon fall migrant along coast
Semipalmated Sandpiper (Calidris pusilla) Abundant breeder on north slope; common fall migrant along coast
Western Sandpiper (Calidris mauri) Casual spring and uncommon fall migrant along coast
Least Sandpiper (Calidris minutilla) CB on south slope and in Brooks Range; RM on north slope
White-rumped Sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis) PB along coast; rare spring migrant and uncommon fall migrant along coast
Baird�s Sandpiper (Calidris bairdii) UB on north slope and in Brooks Range; UM on north slope
Pectoral Sandpiper (Calidris malanotos) Abundant breeder across north slope; abundant fall migrant along coast
Sharp-tailed Sandpiper (Calidris acuminata) Casual migrant on north slope
Dunlin (Calidris alpina) Uncommon to RB along coast; uncommon fall migrant along coast
Stilt Sandpiper (Calidris himantopus) UB and fall migrant on north slope
Buff-breasted Sandpiper (Tryngites subruficollis) UB on north slope l Ruff (Philomachus pugnax) CV on north slope
Long-billed Dowitcher (Limnodromus scolopaceus) UB on north slope; common fall migrant on north slope
Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago) CB on south slope and in Brooks Range; RB and visitor on north slope
Red-necked Phalarope (Phalaropus lobatus) CB south slope and Brooks Range; UB north slope; CM in fall along coast
Red Phalarope (Phalaropus fulicaria) UB on north slope; uncommon fall migrant along coast

LARIDAE (jaegers, gulls and terns)
Pomarine Jaeger (Stercorarius pomarinus) Rare to CB on north slope; CM in spring and UM in fall on north slope
Parasitic Jaeger (Stercorarius parasiticus) UB on north slope; RB in Brooks Range
Long-tailed Jaeger (Stercorarius longicaudus) CB in Brooks Range; UM and UB in spring but CV on north slope
Bonaparte�s Gull (Larus philadelphia) UB on south slope; CV on north slope
Mew Gull (Larus canus) CB on south slope and in Brooks Range; probable breeder on coastal plain; rare spring migrant and summer visitor on north slope
Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) UB on south slope and in Brooks Range; RM and visitor on north slope
Thayer�s Gull (Larus thayeri) RM and visitor on north slope
Slaty-backed Gull (Larus schistisagus) CV along coast
Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus) CB and CM coast; UV and probable breeder coastal plain; UV Brooks Range
Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) RM along coast, mostly offshore
Ross� Gull (Rhodostethia rosea) Rare fall migrant along coast
Sabine�s Gull (Xema sabini) UB along coast; uncommon fall migrant along coast, mostly offshore
Ivory Gull (Pagophila eburnea) RM along coast
Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea) UB but CV on south slope and in Brooks Range; UB and UM along coast; RB on coastal plain

ALCIDAE (auks)
Thick-billed Murre (Uria lomvia) RM along coast
Black Guillemot (Cepphus grylle) UM and RB along coast
Horned Puffin (Fratercula arctica) CV along coast

STRIGIDAE (owls)
Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) Uncommon resident breeder on south slope
Snowy Owl (Nyctea scandiaca) RV to CB along coast
Northern Hawk-Owl (Surnia ulula) Uncommon resident breeder on south slope
Great Gray Owl (Strix nebulosa) Resident and probable breeder on south slope
Short-eared Owl (Asio flammeus) Rare spring visitor or migrant to CB throughout Refuge
Boreal Owl (Aegolius funereus) Probable resident breeder on south slope

CAPRIMULGIDAE (goatsuckers)
Common Nighthawk (Chordeiles minor) CV on north slope

TROCHILIDAE (hummingbirds)
Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus) CV on south slope and in Brooks Range

ALCEDUBUDAE (kingfishers)
Belted Kingfisher (Ceryle alcyon) UV and PB on south slope

PICIDAE (woodpeckers)
Downy Woodpecker (Picoides pubescens) Uncommon resident breeder on south slope
Hairy Woodpecker (Picoides villosus) Resident and probable breeder on south slope
Three-toed Woodpecker (Picoides tridactylus) UB on south slope
Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus) UB on south slope and in Brooks Range

TYRANNIDAE (flycatchers)
Olive-sided Flycatcher (Contopus cooperi) UB on south slope
Alder Flycatcher (Empidonax alnorum) CB on south slope
Hammond�s Flycatcher (Empidonax hammondii) AV on north slope
Eastern Phoebe (Sayornis phoebe) AV on north slope
Say�s Phoebe (Sayornis saya) CB in Brooks Range; CV on north slope
Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus) AV on north slope

ALAUDIDAE (larks)
Horned Lark (Eremophila alpestris) CB in Brooks Range; RB and visitor on coastal plain; UV along coast

HIRUNDINIDAE (swallows)
Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) UB on south slope; CV on north slope
Violet-green Swallow (Tachycineta thalassina) UB on south slope and in Brooks Range; CV on north slope
Bank Swallow (Riparia riparia) UV and probable breeder on south slope; CV on north slope
Cliff Swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) CB on south slope and in Brooks Range; CV on north slope
Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica) RV on north slope

CORVIDAE (jays and crows)
Gray Jay (Perisoreus canadensis) Uncommon to common resident breeder on south slope; RB in Brooks Range; CV on north slope
Common Raven (Corvus corax) Uncommon resident throughout Refuge; UB on south slope and in Brooks Range

PARIDAE (chickadees and titmice)
Black-capped Chickadee (Poecile atricapilla) Probable resident on south slope
Siberian Tit (Parus cinctus) RB in Brooks Range
Boreal Chickadee (Poecile hudsonica) Uncommon resident breeder on south slope

CINCLIDAE (dippers)
American Dipper (Cinclus mexicanus) Uncommon resident throughout Refuge, except along coast

SYLVIIDAE (gnatcatchers)
Arctic Warbler (Phylloscopus borealis) UB on south slope and in Brooks Range; AV on north slope

REGULIDAE (kinglets)
Ruby-crowned Kinglet (Regulus calendula) CB on south slope and in Brooks Range

TURDIDAE (thrushes)
Bluethroat (Luscinia svecica) UM and breeder on western coastal plain
Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe) CB in Brooks Range; RV on north slope
Townsend�s Solitaire (Myadestes townsendi) UV and probable breeder on south slope and in Brooks Range
Gray-cheeked Thrush (Catharus minimus) CB on south slope and in Brooks Range; CV on north slope
Swainson�s Thrush (Catharus ustulatus) UV and probable breeder on south slope
Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus) PB on south slope; AV on north slope
American Robin (Turdus migratorius) Abundant breeder on south slope; UB in Brooks Range; CV on north slope
Varied Thrush (Ixoreus naevius) CB on south slope; RV on north slope

MOTACILLIDAE (wagtails and pipits)
Yellow Wagtail (Motacilla flava) UB on coastal plain; probable breeder along coast; RV on south slope
American Pipit (Anthus rubescens) CB in Brooks Range; RB and uncommon fall migrant on coastal plain

BOMBYCILLIDAE (waxwings)
Bohemian Waxwing (Bombycilla garrulus) CV/probable breeder on south slope
Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum) AV on north slope

LANIIDAE (shrikes)
Northern Shrike (Lanius excubitor) UB on south slope and in Brooks Range; RV and PB on coastal plain

PARULIDAE (warblers)
Orange-crowned Warbler (Vermivora celata) UB on south slope; casual migrant on north slope
Magnolia Warbler (Dendroica magnolia) AV on north slope
Yellow Warbler (Dendroica petechia) UB on south slope; RB in Brooks Range; probable RB on coastal plain; CV along coast
Yellow-rumped Warbler (Dendroica coronata) CB on south slope; RB in Brooks Range; AV on north slope
Palm Warbler (Dendroica palmarum) Accidental or CV on south slope
Blackpoll Warbler (Dendroica striata) UV and probable breeder on south slope; AV on north slope
Northern Waterthrush (Seiurus aurocapillus) UV and probable breeder on south slope
Kentucky Warbler (Oporonis formosus) AV on north slope
Wilson�s Warbler (Wilsonia pusilla) UB on south slope; casual fall migrant on north slope
Canada Warbler (Wilsonia canadensis) AV on north slope

EMBERIZIDAE (towhees and sparrows)
American Tree Sparrow (Spizella arborea) Abundant breeder on south slope and in Brooks Range; UB on coastal plain; CV along coast
Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina) CV on north and south slopes
Clay-colored Sparrow (Spizella pallida) AV on north slope
Savannah Sparrow (Passerculus sandwichensis) Uncommon to CB throughout Refuge
Fox Sparrow (Passerella iliaca) CB on south slope and in Brooks Range; RV and PB on coastal plain; CV along coast
Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) AV on north slope
White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis) AV on north slope
Golden-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia atricapilla) RV in Brooks Range
White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys) Abundant breeder on south slope; CB in Brooks Range; UB on coastal plain; CV along coast
Dark-eyed Junco (Junco hyemalis) Abundant breeder on south slope; RM on north slope
Lapland Longspur (Calcarius lapponicus) Abundant breeder in Brooks Range and on north slope; CM on south slope
Smith�s Longspur (Calcarius pictus) CB in Brooks Range; RV on north slope
Snow Bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis) Common to abundant breeder along coast

ICTERIDAE (blackbirds and orioles)
Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) CV on north slope
Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta) CV in Brooks Range
Rusty Blackbird (Euphagus carolinus) CB on south slope; UB in Brooks Range; casual migrant and visitor on north slope
Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) AV on north slope

FRINGILLIDAE (finches)
Black Rosy-finch (Leucosticte atrata) UB in Brooks Range
Pine Grosbeak (Pinicola enucleator) Uncommon resident and probable breeder on south slope
White-winged Crossbill (Loxia leucoptera) Uncommon to abundant breeder on south slope and in Brooks Range
Common Redpoll (Carduelis flammea) and Hoary Redpoll (Carduelis hornemanni) UBs on south slope and in Brooks Range; rare to abundant breeders on coastal plain; UBs along coast; residents on south slope
Pine Siskin (Carduelis pinus) UV on south slope and in Brooks Range; RV on north slope

FRESHWATER FISHES
Sheefish (Stenodus leucichthys)
Round whitefish (Prosopium cylindraceum)
Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
Arctic Char (Salvelinus alpinus)
Northern Pike (Esox lucius)
Lake Chub (Couesius plumbeus)
Longnose Sucker (Catostomus catostomus)
Trout-perch (Percopsis omiscomaycus)
Burbot (Lota lota)
Ninespine Stickleback (Pungitius pungitius)
Slimy Sculpin (Cottus cognatus)
Threespine Stickleback (Gasterasteus aculeatus)
Alaska Blackfish (Dallia pectoralis)
Arctic Grayling (Thymallus arcticus)

ANDROMOUS FISHES (*denotes freshwater-only form of species also)
Least Cisco* (Coregonus sardinella)
Bering Cisco* (Coregonus laurettae)
Arctic Cisco (Coregonus autumnalis)
Broad Whitefish* (Coregonus nasus)
Humpback Whitefish* (Coregonus pidschian)
Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha)
Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta)
Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)
Rainbow Smelt (Osmerus mordax)
Arctic Lamprey* (Lampetra japonica)
Dolly Varden* (Salvelinus malma)

MARINE SPECIES
Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasi)
Capelin (Mallotus villosus) l Arctic Cod (Boreogadus saida)
Saffron Cod (Eleginus gracilis)
Fourhorn Sculpin (Myoxocephalus quadricornis)
Arctic Sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpioides)
Greenland Seasnail (Liparis tunicatus)
Pacific Sand Lance (Ammodytes hexapterus)
Slender Eelblenny (Lumpenus fabricii)
Stout Eelblenny (Lumpenus medius)
Eelpout (Lycodes spp.)
Arctic Flounder (Pleuromectes glacialis)
Starry Flounder (Platichthys stellatus)
Arctic Hookear Sculpin (Artediellus scaber)
Arctic Staghorn Sculpin (Gymmocanthus tricuspis)
Whitespotted Greenling (Hexagrammus stelleri)
Bering wolffish (Anarchichas orientalis)

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